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w- SON STEAM GENER R 2 h ets heet 1 Original Filed April 4, 1954 m SEW 3 l-m March 5, 1940. w. H. WATSON STEAM GENERATOR Original Filed April 4, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 k I y INV TOR. wzlw Reissued Mar. 5, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Kans., by Mary L.

Watson, administratrix,

Wichita, Kans., assignor to The Watson Water Tube Boiler Company, Inc., Wichita, Kans., a. corporation of Kansas Original No. 2,110,432, dated March 8, 1938, Serial No. 718,887, April 4, 1934. Application for reissue February 6, 1939, Serial No. 254,978

4 Claims.

This invention relates to a novel steam genera: tor, or boiler and is particularly applicable to industrial installations for generating steam under pressure or for heating liquids.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a steam boiler that is complete within itself, portable, does not require a brick setting or furnace and could be effectively insulated, and a small boiler that would operate at an overall efficiency equal to the larger installations.

A further object of this invention is to provide a boiler constructed in such a manner that the combustion chamber and the water tube heating surfaces are enclosed within a cylindrical shell and entirely surrounded by the liquid to be heated, thereby increasing the efficiency of the heating surfaces and reducing the strain on the metal to a minimum.

A further object of this invention is to construct a steam boiler of the internally fired type with a positive circulation of the liquid over the heating surface, reducing strain on the metal and adding to the efficiency of the boiler.

Another object of'this invention is to construct an internally fired water tube boiler which is accessible for cleaning or replacement of parts, and due to its compactness and simplicity would be economical to manufacture and install, either as a portable or stationary boiler.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent during the course of the following detailed specification:

In the drawings, forming a part of this specification similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the steam generating unit, with a side elevation of the superimposed steam separating ,drum. A fragmentary view of the water tube chamber, and a section of the inspection opening at the end of the water tube chamber is also shown.

Figure 2 is a front view of the boiler including the steam generating unit and the steam separating drum.

Figure 3 is a cross section of the steam separating drum taken substantially on the line;CC Fig. 1.

Figure 4 is a half cross section of the steam insulating tile surrounding the steam generating unit.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration .is shown only the preferred embodiment of this invention, the letter D indicates the improved steam generating unit and the letter E indicates the steam separating unit.

Referring to the steam generating unit D. .In the drawings, number I0 is the steam generator shell with the front head I I and the back head l2 securely attached. I3 is a manhole cover held in place by the crab l4 and the crab bolt l5. Number I6 is an inspection plate located at the end of the water tube heating chamber and held in place by the bolts I1 passing through the ring I8 thus closing the opening formed by thenipple- H! which is securely fastened into the back head I2. Number 20 is a tubular combustion chamber one end of which is securely fastened into an opening provided in the front head II and extending back into the unit D to a point near the back head l2 and terminating with a blank end closed by the head 2| securely fastened thereto. The combustionchamber 20 is connected with the two or more water tube heating chambers 23 by the connecting nozzles 22. Said nozzles 22 serve to support said chambers at their rear ends from said combustion chamber to provide a unitary heating element assembly.

Number 23 is a tubular shell with heads 24 securely fastened thereto, the heads 24 being drilled to receive a number of water tubes 25 which pass through the interior of the tube 23 parallel with its longitudinal axis, forming a water tube heating compartment. Number 26 is a pipe connecting the interior of each of the water tube compartments to the outside of the shell I0, it being suitably connected to a tube 23 and the shell I 0. The shell I0 is enclosed by an insulating jacket of refractory tile 21, the tile being formed to the contour of the shell ill and held a suitable distance from the shell by the boss 21a located at the corner of each tile, thus forming a passage 28 between the she-ll I0 and the jacket 21 for the passage of gas around. or over the shell. The tile jacket is protected, and the gas passage sealed by a sheet metal covering 29.

The sheet metal covering29 is secured to the unit D by being fastened to the channel 29a (Fig. 1) which in turn, is. welded to the shell Ill. Openings 30 are provided for the passage of the gas from the space 28 to the exhaust pipe 3!. These openings are preferably located 90 degrees apart around the unit D at the end opposite to the point where the gas enters the passage 28 from the pipe 26. The openings 30 'not in use are closed by a blank flange 32,held in place by the bolts 33.

The steam generating unit D is connected to the steam. separating unit E by the uptake pipe 34 and the down pipe 35. The separating unit E consists of a horizontally disposed cylindrical shell 36 with beads 31 securely attached in each end thereof. This unit is provided with a steam outlet 38. and a'water glass 39and water glass connection valves 40. The approximate water line is indicated by the line X-X. The boiler assembly is supported by the columns 4| and the braces 42. The steam generating unit D and the steam separating unit E are fastened to the supporting frame by the straps 43, with the axis of said unit D inclined upwardly toward its rear end. Other necessary braces, hangers, or supportswould be of the conventional type and are not included in the drawings.

Referring to the steam generating units, the operation would be as follows;

The fuel would be fired at the open end of the tubular combustion chamber 20, the products of combustion passing through the nozzles 22 into thetwo or more water tube heating chambers 23 where they would envelope the water tubes and flow to the opposite end of the tubular water tube chamber. From the Water tube heating chamber, the gas would flow into the pipe 26 and to the space 28 surrounding the shell l0 where they would travel to the exhaust openings 30 and to the atmosphere, or to an economizer through the exhaust pipe 3!.

Referring to the boiler including the steam -generating unit D and the steam separating unit E, the water circulation would be as follows: The water level being at the line X--X in the steam separating unit, the entire generating unit including the down pipe 35 and the uptake pipe 34, would be filled with water, and the heating element enclosed within the steam generating unit D, would be completely submerged in water, or the liquid to be heated. When heat is applied to the heating surfaces in the generating unit, the liquid would become lighter and move ous cycle.

The rapidity of circulation of the water is greatly increased. and the efficiency of heat tranS- fer enhanced by reason of the particular arrangement and construction of the combustion chamber and associated water tube casings. It will be noted, for instance, that the heated gaseous products of combusion, While probably at their highest temperature, enter the higher ends of the water tube casings 23 and thence pass through said casings'to the lower ends thereof in counterflow relationship to the water in the tubes 25. A high rate of heat transfer is thus maintained. At the same time, the natural upward flow of Water, due to convection, through the tube 25 from the lower to the higher end of the boiler shell is greatly increased by reason of the fact that the gases of combustion are hottest Where they enter the water tube casings at the higher ends thereof. Since said water tube casings t'erminate'at their uppper ends. short of the rear head of the boiler shell and almost directly below the uptake pipe 34, the heated water and steam are free to rise through said uptake pipe immediately upon emergence from said ends of k the casings. The lower ends of said casings 23 similarly terminate in spaced relationship to the front head of the boiler shell and directly below the down tube 35 to facilitate the flow of the cooler water into the lower ends of the water tubes 25.

Various changes in the size, shape and arrangement of the various parts may be made to the form of this invention herein shown and described, without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

The water may be admitted through the pipe 35a connected to any suitable source. The combustion chamber is preferably lined with carborundum or some refractory material which bustion.

It is known that the circulation principle is used in water tube boilers, also that there are a number of difierent'kinds of internally fired boilers. Therefore these features are notclairned broadly.

What is claimed is:

1. An internally fired boiler comprising a steam generating unit consisting of a water casing heating element including three tubular sections in the steam generating unit spaced substantially degrees apart around a common center parallel with the longitudinal axes of said tubular sections, one of said tubular sections secured at one end tothe water casing and provided with an opening at its fixed end, the other end of said section terminating in a closed end and forming a combustion chamber, the other two tubular sections each containinga plurality of water tubes passing through the sections longitudinally and fastened into openings provided in the heads at each end of each. of said sections, tubes connecting the three sections each at one end and tubes connectingthe opposite ends of said other two sections to the outside of the casing, means for passing the hot gases from the combustion tube into the water chamber sections and to the outside of the water casing.

2. A steam. boiler, comprising a water casing, a heating element, including aplurality of tubular sections in the generating unit substantially 120 degrees. apart around a common center parallel with the longitudinal axes of said tubular sections, one of said tubular sections being closed at one end and fixed at the other end to the.

water casing, the fixed end prrovided with an opening, the other tubular sections each having heads at the ends and each section containing a plurality of watertubes passing through the sections longitudinally and fastened into openings provided at the heads of each end of each ofsaid sections, tubes connecting the said other sections each at one end to the combustion chamber and tubes connecting the opposite ends of said sections to the outside of the casing, providing means for passing hot gases from the combustion chamber into the water tube sections and to the outside of the water casing.

3. A steam boiler, comprising a water casing, a heating element, including a plurality of tubular sections in the generating unit spaced around a common center parallel with the longitudinal axes of said tubular sections, one of said tubular sections being closed at one end and fixed at the other end to the water casing, the fixed end provided with an opening, the other tubular sections each having heads at their ends and each said other section containing a plurality of water tubes passing through the sections longitudinally and fastened into openings provided at the heads of each end of each of said sections, tubes connecting the said other sections each at one end to the combustion chamber and tubes connecting the opposite ends of said sections to the outside of the casing, providing means for passing hot gases from the combustion chamber into the water tube sections and to the outside of the water casing.

4. An internally fired water tube boiler, comprising a boiler shell having front and rear headed ends, a concentric outer plate defining a gaseous space about said shell, a combustion chamber extending through said front headed end and fixedly secured therein with its rear end terminating short of the rear headed end of said shell, a plurality of rearwardly and upwardly inclined water casings disposed within said shell and having headed ends spaced from the headed ends of said shell, water tubes extending the full lengths of said casings through the headed ends thereof, conduits connecting the rear end of said combustion chamber directly to the interiors of the rear ends of said water casings for flow of the gaseous products of combustion directly from said combustion chamber into said casings and thence to the front ends thereof and other conduits connecting the interiors of the front ends of said casings to said gaseous space about said boiler shell.

MARY L. WATSON,

Administmtrix of the Estate of William H.

Watson, Deceased. 

